What It Is
Nursemaid's elbow (radial head subluxation) happens when a small ligament around the elbow slips out of its normal position. It's the most common elbow injury in young children — typically between ages 1 and 4 — and while it looks and feels alarming in the moment, it's quick to fix and heals completely.
How It Happens
A sudden pull or swing on an outstretched hand — often while catching a stumble or lifting by the hand
Swinging a child by the hands or wrists during play
Pulling a resistant arm through a sleeve
What You'll Notice
A few telltale signs:
Your child suddenly stops using the arm and holds it close to the body, slightly bent
No swelling or bruising — a key difference from a fracture
Little to no pain when the arm is gently touched away from the elbow
How It's Treated
A doctor or trained provider fixes this with a specific, gentle rotation of the forearm — often felt or heard as a small click — that takes just seconds and doesn't require sedation. Most children are using the arm normally again within minutes. This is always done by a trained provider, never attempted at home, since the wrong movement can cause discomfort without fixing the problem.
Reducing the Risk
Lift and swing children by the trunk or under the arms, not by the hands or wrists
Be gentle guiding a resistant arm through a sleeve
Know it can happen again, especially under age 3 — the same care applies each time
Bottom line: Nursemaid's elbow looks worse than it is. Call your pediatrician or urgent care rather than trying to fix it yourself — a quick visit gets your child back to using that arm within minutes.